FTTH (Fiber To The Home) construction is to connect optical fiber directly to the user's home to provide users with high-speed and stable broadband access services. In the FTTH construction process, a variety of materials and equipment are needed:
· Drop cable: it has the characteristics of small size, light weight, good flexibility, strong bending resistance, etc. It is easy to lay in complex indoor and outdoor environments and can be directly connected to user terminal equipment. It is a commonly used optical cable type for FTTH home entry.
· Outdoor Fiber Optic cable: There are many types according to different laying environments and requirements, such as overhead optical cable, direct buried optical cable, pipeline optical cable, etc. It has a larger outer diameter, better mechanical properties and protection performance, and can withstand the impact of harsh outdoor environments. It is used to transmit optical signals from optical cable splice closure or optical splitters to the building or area where the user is located.
· Pigtail: One end has a fiber optic connector plug and the other end is the broken end of the optical fiber, which is used to connect the optical fiber in the optical cable with optical communication equipment or optical distribution facilities to achieve coupling and transmission of optical signals.
· Patch cord(jumper): Both ends of it are equipped with fiber optic connector plugs, which are flexible and convenient to connect. They can be used for temporary or permanent connection between optical communication equipment, between optical distribution boxes.
· Cable splice closure: used for optical fiber fusion and protection in the middle of the optical cable line. When the optical cable is not long enough or needs to be branched, the cable splice closure is used to connect two or more optical cables and seal and protect the fiber optic fusion point to prevent external environmental factors from damaging the closure ensuring the stability and reliability of optical signal transmission.
· Termination box: installed at the user end or the optical cable entry point, it is used to fuse or cold-join the optical fiber in the optical cable with the pigtail, and lead out the pigtail to connect with the user terminal equipment or other optical communication equipment. It plays the role of fixing the optical cable terminal, protecting the optical fiber fusion, and sealing the optical cable entry and exit.
· Optical Cross Connecting cabinet: It is the junction equipment between trunk optical cables and distribution optical cables in the outdoor optical cable access network, which is used to realize the functions of optical cable fixing, protection, welding, wiring, etc. The optical cable junction box is generally installed in outdoor poles, walls or special machine rooms, which can distribute the optical signals of multiple trunk optical cables to different distribution optical cables, and then transmit the optical signals to various user areas through the distribution optical cables.
· Optical Splitter: it is a device that distributes the optical signal in an input optical fiber to multiple output optical fibers in a certain ratio. In FTTH networks, optical splitters are usually installed in optical cable junction boxes, optical fiber distribution boxes or user corridors to achieve split transmission of optical signals, allowing multiple users to share the optical signal resources of a trunk optical cable and reduce network construction costs. Common optical splitter splitting ratios include 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, 1:32, 1:64, etc.
· Optical Fiber Distribution Box: Installed in the user's corridor or weak current shaft, used for fiber splitting, wiring and terminal connection of optical cables. The optical fiber splitter box is generally equipped with optical splitters, pigtails, adapters and other devices, which can distribute the optical fibers in the optical cable to each user's home, and connect the optical cable introduced into the user's home with the output port of the optical splitter to realize the distribution of optical signals into the home.
